River birch (Betula nigra) is a fast-growing, shade tree native to the Mississippi River flood plain in southeastern Minnesota. It is popular for its ornamental peeling bark. As a landscape plant, it ...

Paper birch, red maple, conifers, and red oak may be present at lower cover. Conifers and red oak can each have <25% cover. Striped maple is a common subcanopy tree. The variable shrub layer is ...

Community Description: These tall (1-3 m) shrub dominated wetlands are characterized by dense growth of alder. Speckled alder is most typical, but rarely mountain alder or smooth alder may predominate ...