Three Crusades, and a long procession of pilgrims and adventurers to the east, had not contributed to the growth of understanding between Greeks and Latins. The Crusaders who had with their own swords ...

The remaining Crusades were failures of one sort or another and, instead, contributed to the heightened tensions still visible in the Middle East today. In particular, the Fourth Crusade which ended ...

Two of his books, part of the Turin Shroud trilogy, follow the “barbaric” events of the fourth crusade which took place between 1202 and 1204 – a point in history James saw to be rarely ...