Computer programming, also known as coding, is the process of creating a set of instructions that tell a computer how to perform a specific task. These instructions, called programs, are written in a language that the computer can understand and execute¹.

Key Concepts

Variables and Data Types

Variables are containers for storing data values. They are essential for any programming task as they hold the data that the program manipulates. Data types specify the type of value a variable can hold, such as integers, floats, booleans, and strings¹.

Flow Control Structures

Flow control structures determine the order in which instructions are executed in a program. They include:

• Sequential: Executes code line by line.

• Selection: Uses conditions to decide which code to execute (e.g., if-else statements).

• Iteration: Repeats a block of code multiple times (e.g., for and while loops)¹.

Functions